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发表于 2012-12-27 22:14:00
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Culture shock isn't a clinical term or medical condition. It's simply a common way to describe the confusing and nervous feelings a person may have after leaving a familiar culture to live in a new and different culture. When you move to a new place, you're bound to face a lot of changes. That can be exciting and stimulating, but it can also be overwhelming. You may feel sad, anxious, frustrated, and want to go home. It's natural to have difficulty adjusting to a new culture. People from other cultures (whom you'll be hanging out with and going to school with) may have grown up with values and beliefs that differ from yours. Because of these differences, the things they talk about, the ways they express themselves, and the importance of various ideas may be very different from what you are used to. But the good news is that culture shock is temporary.
culture shock之前大家都应该有所了解,之前看过一篇文章,它要经历5个阶段。
阶段一:蜜月期(The Honeymoon Stage)
在这个阶段,新环境的一切事物都是充满新鲜感、让人振奋、令人愉悦的。人们常常会用新环境好的一面,去与就环境不好的一面对比。这个月,学习语言的动力是好奇心、激情,通常语言会飞速进步。蜜月期通常持续3-6个月。
阶段二:敌对期(The Hostile Stage)
人们发现自己对新环境的一切事物都产生了强烈的敌对心理,也因此产生抑郁的感觉。他们会更频繁地与家里联系,归家心切,愿意和自己本国的朋友呆在一起,也会尽可能说母语、看母语的书籍和网站。文化差异不再是一件让人惊喜的事情。这一阶段里,语言的学习会停滞不前(因为人们拒绝学习)。敌对期一般持续6个月。
阶段三:适应期(The adjustment stage)
有的人能很快从第二阶段过渡到第三阶段,但是有的人永远也不能。人们重新开始学习语言、拓展社交圈,即便偶尔会情绪低落,但他们仍然能以积极的态度去对待。然而,这一阶段的进展是非常缓慢的,也很容易随时不幸地回到第二阶段。
阶段四:文化融合期(Acceptance or acculturation)
经历了前面波澜起伏的四个阶段,现在人们已经完全适应新文化,并且将新旧文化融为一体。
阶段五:重回文化冲击(Re-entry or reverse culture shock)
当人们回家之后,新的文化冲突便开始了。尽管感受到家人、朋友的欢迎和关怀,但人们会发现,他们与周围的环境开始出现文化差距,因为他们已经在新的文化中改变了自己的价值观,但周围的人依旧不变。这时会出现沟通困难。人们仍然需要一定的时间和努力去再次克服新的文化冲击(重新经历前四个阶段)。
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